Nuclear energy is one of the most reliable and low-carbon sources of electricity available today

In the UK, nuclear currently provides around 15–20% of electricity, running continuously at a high capacity factor of over 80%, compared with 30–40% for wind and 10–20% for solar. This reliability makes it essential for a stable grid, especially as we increase intermittent renewables.

Building new nuclear plants, particularly advanced designs like small modular reactors (SMRs), requires large upfront investment—projects can cost billions and take 5–10 years to become operational. Public subsidies help bridge this financial risk, making it possible to build the infrastructure needed to meet long-term climate goals. For context, studies estimate that meeting the UK’s net-zero 2050 target without nuclear would require an even faster, more costly expansion of renewables, along with massive investments in grid storage and balancing, which may not be feasible.

In short, subsidizing nuclear is a strategic investment: it delivers low-carbon, reliable electricity, reduces dependence on fossil fuels, stabilizes energy prices, and complements wind, solar, and other renewables. Without public support, the UK risks energy shortfalls, higher emissions, and slower progress toward net-zero.